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◆ THE IDEOLOGY ATLAS

Germany — Federal government (2021–2025)

Germany

Basis for the estimate: Scholz traffic-light coalition: Zeitenwende rearmament, climate measures, citizenship reform.

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Official system and how it worked in practice

Official systemFederal parliamentary republic
In practiceLiberal democracy
electoral democracy plus strong rule of law, judicial and legislative checks, and protected individual rights

“In practice” is V-Dem’s Regimes of the World classification for Germany, 2021–2025, from expert-coded data (V-Dem Regimes of the World (v2x_regime), V-Dem dataset v16, March 2026). V-Dem codes each country as it stood at the end of each year, so the first and last years can reflect the previous or next government. The official system is the constitutional form during the period.

Political placement

Map dimensionScore (0–100)PositionReading
Economic
Collective / planned ↔ Market
50near the center
Social
Progressive ↔ Traditional
15toward progressive
Authority
Libertarian ↔ Authoritarian
28toward libertarian
National identity
Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist
25toward cosmopolitan
Foreign policy
Non-intervention ↔ Intervention
61near the center
All nine underlying dimensions
DimensionScoreReading
Economic ownership
Collective ownership ↔ Private ownership
58near the center
Civil liberties
Civil liberty ↔ State restrictions
45near the center
National identity
Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist
25toward cosmopolitan
Social and cultural values
Progressive ↔ Traditionalist
15toward progressive
Political governance
Democratic ↔ Autocratic
10strongly toward democratic
Equality and hierarchy
Egalitarian ↔ Hierarchical
37near the center
Economic management
Free market ↔ State planning
62near the center
Military intervention
Non-intervention ↔ Intervention
61near the center
Religion and government
Secular state ↔ Religious authority
15toward secular state

Country and government scores interpret the policies of a specific government or period; they are not an authoritative ranking of countries, and official constitutional structures can differ from how power is exercised in practice. How scores are made.

Key positions (estimated)

StatementPositionBasis
Opposition parties should be free to compete in elections.Strongly agreesestimated
Religious doctrine should take precedence over civil law when they conflict.Strongly disagreesestimated
Preserving a historic national majority is a legitimate immigration objective.Strongly disagreesestimated
Military aid to countries resisting invasion is worth the cost.Strongly agreesfrom their record
Hate speech should be a criminal offense.Strongly agreesfrom their record
The means of production should ultimately be owned collectively.Strongly disagreesestimated
Same-sex couples should have the same right to marry as opposite-sex couples.Strongly agreesestimated
Paid sick leave and paid parental leave should be guaranteed by law.Strongly agreesfrom their record
Society works best when established social hierarchies are respected.Strongly disagreesestimated
Differences in social status help maintain an orderly society.Strongly disagreesestimated

Closest ideologies

Modern Liberalism95% similar positionSocial Liberalism92% similar positionProgressive Liberalism91% similar positionLiberal Democracy90% similar positionLiberalism89% similar position

Most similar governments

Netherlands — Jetten government (2026–present)95% similarCanada — Trudeau governments (2015–2025)94% similarCanada — Carney government (2025–present)93% similarSpain — Democratic governments (1978–present)93% similarNorway — Government (2021–present)92% similar

Sources

Last reviewed October 11, 2026.