Brazil — Bolsonaro presidency (2019–2022)
Brazil
Basis for the estimate: Social conservatism, gun liberalization, pension reform, attacks on electoral system.
Official system and how it worked in practice
| Official system | Federal presidential republic |
|---|---|
| In practice | Electoral democracy free and fair multiparty elections and basic freedoms |
“In practice” is V-Dem’s Regimes of the World classification for Brazil, 2019–2022, from expert-coded data (V-Dem Regimes of the World (v2x_regime), V-Dem dataset v16, March 2026). V-Dem codes each country as it stood at the end of each year, so the first and last years can reflect the previous or next government. The official system is the constitutional form during the period.
Political placement
| Map dimension | Score (0–100) | Position | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Collective / planned ↔ Market | 76 | toward market | |
| Social Progressive ↔ Traditional | 86 | strongly toward traditional | |
| Authority Libertarian ↔ Authoritarian | 53 | near the center | |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 89 | strongly toward nationalist | |
| Foreign policy Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 40 | near the center |
All nine underlying dimensions
| Dimension | Score | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Economic ownership Collective ownership ↔ Private ownership | 82 | toward private ownership |
| Civil liberties Civil liberty ↔ State restrictions | 50 | near the center |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 89 | strongly toward nationalist |
| Social and cultural values Progressive ↔ Traditionalist | 91 | strongly toward traditionalist |
| Political governance Democratic ↔ Autocratic | 55 | near the center |
| Equality and hierarchy Egalitarian ↔ Hierarchical | 73 | toward hierarchical |
| Economic management Free market ↔ State planning | 34 | toward free market |
| Military intervention Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 40 | near the center |
| Religion and government Secular state ↔ Religious authority | 75 | toward religious authority |
Country and government scores interpret the policies of a specific government or period; they are not an authoritative ranking of countries, and official constitutional structures can differ from how power is exercised in practice. How scores are made.
Key positions (estimated)
| Statement | Position | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| During a pandemic, governments should be able to close businesses and places of worship. | Strongly disagrees | from their record |
| The means of production should ultimately be owned collectively. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Central economic planning is preferable to decentralized market decisions. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Opposition parties should be free to compete in elections. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| National borders should become less important over time. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Traditional values should guide what society considers right and wrong. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| A national religious authority should have the power to veto legislation. | Disagrees | estimated |
| Class distinctions should gradually disappear. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Military power should be used proactively when serious external threats are emerging. | Disagrees | estimated |
| Reducing the gap between rich and poor should be a major government goal. | Disagrees | estimated |
Closest ideologies
Most similar governments
Sources
- Wikipedia: Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro (Wikipedia search)
Last reviewed October 11, 2026.