Venezuela — Maduro administration (2013–2026)
Venezuela
Basis for the estimate: Contested elections, repression, economic collapse; ended de facto when U.S. forces captured Maduro on 3 January 2026.
Official system and how it worked in practice
| Official system | Federal presidential republic |
|---|---|
| In practice | Electoral autocracy multiparty elections, but without sufficient freedom, fairness or protection of basic freedoms |
“In practice” is V-Dem’s Regimes of the World classification for Venezuela, 2013–2025, from expert-coded data (V-Dem Regimes of the World (v2x_regime), V-Dem dataset v16, March 2026). V-Dem codes each country as it stood at the end of each year, so the first and last years can reflect the previous or next government. V-Dem data currently run through 2025, before this government took office. The official system is the constitutional form during the period.
Political placement
| Map dimension | Score (0–100) | Position | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Collective / planned ↔ Market | 10 | strongly toward collective / planned | |
| Social Progressive ↔ Traditional | 52 | near the center | |
| Authority Libertarian ↔ Authoritarian | 91 | strongly toward authoritarian | |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 87 | strongly toward nationalist | |
| Foreign policy Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 45 | near the center |
All nine underlying dimensions
| Dimension | Score | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Economic ownership Collective ownership ↔ Private ownership | 9 | strongly toward collective ownership |
| Civil liberties Civil liberty ↔ State restrictions | 86 | strongly toward state restrictions |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 87 | strongly toward nationalist |
| Social and cultural values Progressive ↔ Traditionalist | 55 | near the center |
| Political governance Democratic ↔ Autocratic | 97 | strongly toward autocratic |
| Equality and hierarchy Egalitarian ↔ Hierarchical | 42 | near the center |
| Economic management Free market ↔ State planning | 89 | strongly toward state planning |
| Military intervention Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 45 | near the center |
| Religion and government Secular state ↔ Religious authority | 46 | near the center |
Country and government scores interpret the policies of a specific government or period; they are not an authoritative ranking of countries, and official constitutional structures can differ from how power is exercised in practice. How scores are made.
Key positions (estimated)
| Statement | Position | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Social media companies should be legally required to remove misinformation. | Strongly agrees | from their record |
| A national religious authority should have the power to veto legislation. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| National borders should become less important over time. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Paid sick leave and paid parental leave should be guaranteed by law. | Strongly agrees | from their record |
| A strong leader who gets things done matters more than following proper procedures. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| Major industries should be publicly owned rather than privately controlled. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| Reducing the gap between rich and poor should be a major government goal. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| Military power should be used proactively when serious external threats are emerging. | Disagrees | estimated |
| Transgender women should be able to compete in women’s sports. | Disagrees | estimated |
| Wealthy countries should give more aid to poorer countries. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
Closest ideologies
Most similar governments
Sources
- Wikipedia: Presidency of Nicolás Maduro (Wikipedia search)
Last reviewed October 11, 2026.