China — Xi administration (2012–present)
China
Basis for the estimate: Party centralization, mass surveillance, Xinjiang internment, state-led industrial policy.
Official system and how it worked in practice
| Official system | Socialist state led by the Chinese Communist Party (one-party state) |
|---|---|
| In practice | Closed autocracy no multiparty elections for the chief executive |
“In practice” is V-Dem’s Regimes of the World classification for China, 2012–2025, from expert-coded data (V-Dem Regimes of the World (v2x_regime), V-Dem dataset v16, March 2026). V-Dem codes each country as it stood at the end of each year, so the first and last years can reflect the previous or next government. The official system is the constitutional form during the period.
Political placement
| Map dimension | Score (0–100) | Position | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Collective / planned ↔ Market | 29 | toward collective / planned | |
| Social Progressive ↔ Traditional | 61 | near the center | |
| Authority Libertarian ↔ Authoritarian | 98 | strongly toward authoritarian | |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 94 | strongly toward nationalist | |
| Foreign policy Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 50 | near the center |
All nine underlying dimensions
| Dimension | Score | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| Economic ownership Collective ownership ↔ Private ownership | 34 | toward collective ownership |
| Civil liberties Civil liberty ↔ State restrictions | 95 | strongly toward state restrictions |
| National identity Cosmopolitan ↔ Nationalist | 94 | strongly toward nationalist |
| Social and cultural values Progressive ↔ Traditionalist | 71 | toward traditionalist |
| Political governance Democratic ↔ Autocratic | 100 | strongly toward autocratic |
| Equality and hierarchy Egalitarian ↔ Hierarchical | 59 | near the center |
| Economic management Free market ↔ State planning | 78 | toward state planning |
| Military intervention Non-intervention ↔ Intervention | 50 | near the center |
| Religion and government Secular state ↔ Religious authority | 38 | near the center |
Country and government scores interpret the policies of a specific government or period; they are not an authoritative ranking of countries, and official constitutional structures can differ from how power is exercised in practice. How scores are made.
Key positions (estimated)
| Statement | Position | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Hate speech should be a criminal offense. | Strongly agrees | from their record |
| Religious doctrine should take precedence over civil law when they conflict. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Healthcare should be provided to everyone by the government and paid for through taxes. | Strongly agrees | from their record |
| A single ruling party can govern more effectively than a competitive multiparty system. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| National borders should become less important over time. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Paid sick leave and paid parental leave should be guaranteed by law. | Strongly agrees | from their record |
| Class distinctions should gradually disappear. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Medical gender transition should not be available to minors. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
| Non-intervention should be the default even when allies request military assistance. | Strongly disagrees | estimated |
| Burning the national flag as a protest should be illegal. | Strongly agrees | estimated |
Closest ideologies
Most similar governments
Sources
- Wikipedia: Xi Jinping administration (Wikipedia search)
Last reviewed October 11, 2026.